Appendix 1: Additional planning templates to guide project planning
| What is the purpose of including citizens/stakeholders in my project? | Focus on antecedents |
|---|---|
| Do they represent a knowledge position? | Yes/No |
| Will citizens/stakeholders be affected by activities/the initiative/the project outcomes? | Yes/No |
| Is citizen/stakeholder involvement necessary for goal obtainment because of their power position? | Yes/No |
| Is citizen/stakeholder involvement necessary for goal obtainment of legitimations reasons? | Yes/No |
| Is citizen/stakeholder involvement necessary because they represent means that contribute to solutions? | Yes/No |
| Who defines the rules in relation to the given issue? | |
| May some citizens/stakeholders obstruct the activity to be implemented? | Yes/No |
| What is the citizens/stakeholder authority in terms of allocating rewards, recognition and sanctions? | |
| Will some groups of citizens/stakeholders experience disadvantage if excluded from the engagement? | Yes/No |
| Who can represent ‘the voiceless’? | |
| Guiding questions: Power | Comments |
| Which relationships exist between the selected citizen/stakeholders? | Alliances |
| What is the actor’s authority in terms of setting objectives and norms? | |
| What is the actor’s authority in terms of allocating or denying resources to other actors? | |
| What is the actor’s authority in terms of defining others’ tasks and responsibilities? | |
| What is the actor’s authority in terms of controlling access to knowledge/information? | |
| What is the actor’s authority in terms of allocating rewards, recognition and sanctions? | |
| What is the actor’s authority in terms of structuring the participation in decision-making processes? | |
| Guiding questions: Legitimations | Comments |
| To what degree is the actor’s influence acquired through institutional position? | |
| To what degree is the actor’s formal influence acquired by law and regulations? | |
| To what degree is the actor’s Influence acquired through media/social media | |
| To what degree are the actor’s interests coherent or conflictive with other actors’ interests? | |
| What potential benefits and risks arise for her / him if the issue is addressed/the problem is solved? | |
| What prior experience does the actor have on the problem/issue to be addressed? | |
| Guiding questions: Resources | Comments |
| Material and nonmaterial resources different actors possess or have control over: Knowledge, expertise, skills effectively address the issue/solve the problem? | |
| Material and nonmaterial resources different actors possess or have control over: arises from learned skills and experience and is expressed in the ability to solve practical problems | |
| Material and nonmaterial resources different actors possess or have control over: technology, effectively address the issue/solve the problem? | |
| Material and nonmaterial resources different actors possess or have control over economy effectively address the issue/solve the problem? | |
| Resources from communication and negotiating skills to grasp the crux of the issue and to communicate clearly and concisely, conveying a coherent message, persuading others and thereby asserting one‘s own interests. | |
| What options exist to increase the actor’s interest and engagement, or to dismantle obstacles? | |
| What resources relate to social categories of age? | |
| What resources relate to social categories of gender? |